Difference between simulation and render distance?

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The difference between these are simple:

Render distance is the number of chunks you can essentially see forwards, where the simulation distance is how many chunks are then activated.

So for example, if you have your render distance set to 12 but simulation distance to 8, this means that you will be able to see 12 chunks ahead, but only the first 8 chunks would be 'active' (Entities spawn in them soforth).

We would recommend ideally keeping the simulation distance as it is the default (10) as increasing this will reduce performance for no benefit, render distance we advise the following:

Vanilla/Paper: 8-12

Modded Servers: 8-10

Large Modded servers: 6-8 (Usually recommended by the modpack authors)

We hope this helps! If your still unsure please do let us know via Support ticket or Discord!